United States inventory of all hogs and pigs on September 1, 2022 was
73.8 million head. This was down 1 percent from
September 1, 2021, but up 2 percent from June 1, 2022.
Breeding inventory, at 6.15 million head, was down 1 percent from last year,
and down slightly from the previous quarter.
Market hog inventory, at 67.6 million head, was down 1 percent from last
year, but up 2 percent from last quarter.
The June-August 2022 pig crop, at 33.6 million head, was down 1 percent from
2021. Sows farrowing during this period totaled 3.02 million head, down
1 percent from 2021. The sows farrowed during this quarter represented 49
percent of the breeding herd. The average pigs saved per litter was 11.13 for
the June-August period, unchanged from last year.
United States hog producers intend to have 2.97 million sows farrow during
the September-November 2022 quarter, down 2 percent from the actual
farrowings during the same period one year earlier, and down 6 percent from
the same period two years earlier. Intended farrowings for December 2022-
February 2023, at 2.90 million sows, are down 1 percent from the same period
one year earlier, and down 1 percent from the same period two years earlier.
The total number of hogs under contract owned by operations with over 5,000
head, but raised by contractees, accounted for 50 percent of the total United
States hog inventory, up 1 percent from the previous year.
Revisions
All inventory and pig crop estimates for September 2021 through June 2022
were reviewed using final pig crop, official slaughter, death loss, and
updated import and export data. The revision made to the March 2022-May 2022
pig crop was 0.1 percent. A net revision of 0.7 percent was made to the March
2022 all hogs and pigs inventory. The net revision made to the December 2021-
February 2022 pig crop was 0.6 percent.
Records
Record highs for all hogs and pigs, market hogs, pig crop and pigs per
litter, by quarter, can be found on page 13.
This report was approved on September 29, 2022.
Secretary of Agriculture
Designate
Cynthia Nickerson
Agricultural Statistics Board
Chairperson
Joseph L. Parsons
Contents
Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2021 and 2022.............. 4
Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2020-2023................................ 5
Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2021 and 2022.. 5
Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2021 and 2022................ 6
Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2021 and 2022..................... 6
Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2021 and 2022................. 7
Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2021 and 2022...................... 7
Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2021 and 2022............ 8
Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2021 and 2022................. 8
Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2020 and 2021............. 9
Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2020 and 2021.................. 9
Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2021-2023... 10
Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2021 and 2022....... 10
Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2021 and 2022..... 11
Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2020-2022.. 11
Statistical Methodology................................................................................. 12
Reliability of Quarterly Hog Estimates.................................................................. 12
Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present..................................................... 13
Information Contacts.................................................................................... 13
Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States:
2021 and 2022
[May not add due to rounding. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not
yet begun]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: : : 2022 as
Item : 2021 : 2022 : percent
: : : of 2021
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: ---- 1,000 head ---- percent
:
March 1 inventory ......................:
All hogs and pigs ....................: 73,933 72,689 98
Kept for breeding ..................: 6,215 6,098 98
Market .............................: 67,718 66,591 98
:
Market hogs and pigs by weight groups :
Under 50 pounds ....................: 20,238 20,105 99
50-119 pounds ......................: 19,138 19,030 99
120-179 pounds .....................: 15,375 14,988 97
180 pounds and over ................: 12,966 12,468 96
:
June 1 inventory .......................:
All hogs and pigs ....................: 73,153 72,524 99
Kept for breeding ..................: 6,220 6,168 99
Market .............................: 66,933 66,356 99
:
Market hogs and pigs by weight groups :
Under 50 pounds ....................: 21,354 21,083 99
50-119 pounds ......................: 18,919 18,721 99
120-179 pounds .....................: 13,830 13,827 100
180 pounds and over ................: 12,829 12,725 99
:
September 1 inventory ..................:
All hogs and pigs ....................: 74,867 73,800 99
Kept for breeding ..................: 6,190 6,152 99
Market .............................: 68,677 67,648 99
:
Market hogs and pigs by weight groups :
Under 50 pounds ....................: 21,690 21,343 98
50-119 pounds ......................: 20,211 19,887 98
120-179 pounds .....................: 14,246 14,073 99
180 pounds and over ................: 12,529 12,345 99
:
December 1 inventory ...................:
All hogs and pigs ....................: 74,446
Kept for breeding ..................: 6,125
Market .............................: 68,321
:
Market hogs and pigs by weight groups :
Under 50 pounds ....................: 21,594
50-119 pounds ......................: 19,005
120-179 pounds .....................: 14,374
180 pounds and over ................: 13,348
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2020-2023
[December preceding year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: : : : : 2022 as percent of : 2023 as
Item : 2020 : 2021 : 2022 : 2023 :-------------------------: percent
: : : : : 2020 : 2021 : of 2022
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: ---------------- 1,000 head ---------------- ---------- percent ----------
Sows farrowing ...........:
December-February 2/ ...: 3,182 2,929 2,919 2,902 92 100 99
March-May ..............: 3,147 3,034 2,988 95 98
December-May 1/ ........: 6,329 5,964 5,907 93 99
:
June-August ............: 3,260 3,050 3,018 93 99
September-November 3/ ..: 3,165 3,049 2,973 94 98
June-November 1/ 4/ ....: 6,425 6,098 5,991 93 98
:
Pig crop .................:
December-February ......: 35,016 32,059 31,947 91 100
March-May ..............: 34,621 33,233 32,863 95 99
December-May 1/ ........: 69,637 65,292 64,809 93 99
:
June-August ............: 36,056 33,944 33,581 93 99
September-November .....: 34,987 34,123
June-November 1/ .......: 71,044 68,067
:
:
: ------------------ number ----------------- ---------- percent ----------
:
Pigs per litter ..........:
December-February ......: 11.00 10.94 10.95 100 100
March-May ..............: 11.00 10.95 11.00 100 100
December-May ...........: 11.00 10.95 10.97 100 100
:
June-August ............: 11.06 11.13 11.13 101 100
September-November .....: 11.05 11.19
June-November ..........: 11.06 11.16
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ May not add due to rounding.
2/ Intentions for 2023.
3/ Intentions for 2022.
4/ Actual farrowings for June-August plus intentions for September-November.
Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States:
December-November 2021 and 2022
[December preceding year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Sows farrowing 1/ : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/
Month :-----------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: --- 1,000 head --- ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head ---
:
December .......: 998 979 10.84 10.94 10,820 10,718
January ........: 983 994 10.89 10.88 10,702 10,810
February .......: 948 946 11.11 11.02 10,538 10,419
March ..........: 1,045 1,027 10.71 10.84 11,186 11,131
April ..........: 1,000 982 11.01 11.06 11,004 10,862
May ............: 990 979 11.16 11.10 11,043 10,869
June ...........: 1,032 1,009 11.02 10.95 11,366 11,041
July ...........: 1,016 1,025 11.15 11.14 11,325 11,421
August .........: 1,002 984 11.23 11.30 11,253 11,119
September ......: 1,046 11.12 11,627
October ........: 1,014 11.20 11,354
November .......: 989 11.26 11,142
:
Total ..........: 12,062 11.06 133,359
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Monthly values may not add to quarterly or annual totals due to rounding.
Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2021 and 2022
[May not add due to rounding]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Breeding : Market : Total
:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : : :2022 as: : :2022 as: : :2022 as
: 2021 : 2022 :percent: 2021 : 2022 :percent: 2021 : 2022 :percent
: : :of 2021: : :of 2021: : :of 2021
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent
:
Colorado ........: 150 140 93 510 450 88 660 590 89
Illinois ........: 580 590 102 4,620 4,710 102 5,200 5,300 102
Indiana .........: 260 250 96 4,040 4,000 99 4,300 4,250 99
Iowa ............: 940 900 96 22,660 22,200 98 23,600 23,100 98
Kansas ..........: 170 155 91 1,820 1,715 94 1,990 1,870 94
Michigan ........: 120 110 92 1,170 1,080 92 1,290 1,190 92
Minnesota .......: 530 530 100 8,170 8,070 99 8,700 8,600 99
Missouri ........: 430 420 98 2,970 2,930 99 3,400 3,350 99
Nebraska ........: 440 430 98 3,210 3,170 99 3,650 3,600 99
North Carolina ..: 830 800 96 7,670 7,200 94 8,500 8,000 94
:
Ohio ............: 200 190 95 2,300 2,410 105 2,500 2,600 104
Oklahoma ........: 460 470 102 1,570 1,620 103 2,030 2,090 103
Pennsylvania ....: 140 140 100 1,200 1,210 101 1,340 1,350 101
South Dakota ....: 285 280 98 1,695 1,740 103 1,980 2,020 102
Texas ...........: 160 160 100 890 880 99 1,050 1,040 99
Utah ............: 85 85 100 885 845 95 970 930 96
:
Other States 1/ .: 435 448 103 2,338 2,361 101 2,773 2,809 101
:
United States ...: 6,215 6,098 98 67,718 66,591 98 73,933 72,689 98
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States.
Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2021 and 2022
[Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds
: 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over
State :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 head
:
Colorado ........: 270 215 100 100 50 55 90 80
Illinois ........: 1,185 1,305 1,550 1,605 1,110 1,075 775 725
Indiana .........: 960 1,020 1,230 1,150 940 965 910 865
Iowa ............: 5,340 5,440 7,210 7,150 5,650 5,490 4,460 4,120
Kansas ..........: 440 415 435 405 355 345 590 550
Michigan ........: 345 310 300 295 265 240 260 235
Minnesota .......: 2,420 2,420 2,620 2,570 1,810 1,780 1,320 1,300
Missouri ........: 1,380 1,240 565 640 645 670 380 380
Nebraska ........: 1,050 1,050 850 890 810 700 500 530
North Carolina ..: 2,990 2,760 1,660 1,560 1,570 1,520 1,450 1,360
:
Ohio ............: 610 635 610 620 565 590 515 565
Oklahoma ........: 725 735 350 335 200 200 295 350
Pennsylvania ....: 305 330 370 375 290 280 235 225
South Dakota ....: 665 695 400 410 330 305 300 330
Texas ...........: 280 295 200 235 165 145 245 205
Utah ............: 350 330 185 170 175 170 175 175
:
Other States 1/ .: 923 910 503 520 445 458 466 473
:
United States ...: 20,238 20,105 19,138 19,030 15,375 14,988 12,966 12,468
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States.
Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2021 and 2022
[May not add due to rounding]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Breeding : Market : Total
:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : : :2022 as: : :2022 as: : :2022 as
: 2021 : 2022 :percent: 2021 : 2022 :percent: 2021 : 2022 :percent
: : :of 2021: : :of 2021: : :of 2021
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent
:
Colorado ........: 155 135 87 505 385 76 660 520 79
Illinois ........: 650 620 95 4,650 4,680 101 5,300 5,300 100
Indiana .........: 260 250 96 3,940 4,100 104 4,200 4,350 104
Iowa ............: 910 940 103 22,790 22,060 97 23,700 23,000 97
Kansas ..........: 175 155 89 1,775 1,755 99 1,950 1,910 98
Michigan ........: 115 110 96 1,095 1,080 99 1,210 1,190 98
Minnesota .......: 540 520 96 8,260 7,780 94 8,800 8,300 94
Missouri ........: 425 430 101 2,825 2,820 100 3,250 3,250 100
Nebraska ........: 450 420 93 3,050 3,130 103 3,500 3,550 101
North Carolina ..: 820 820 100 7,280 7,380 101 8,100 8,200 101
:
Ohio ............: 190 180 95 2,310 2,420 105 2,500 2,600 104
Oklahoma ........: 470 470 100 1,570 1,550 99 2,040 2,020 99
Pennsylvania ....: 140 140 100 1,150 1,220 106 1,290 1,360 105
South Dakota ....: 270 290 107 1,690 1,830 108 1,960 2,120 108
Texas ...........: 130 160 123 850 900 106 980 1,060 108
Utah ............: 85 80 94 865 880 102 950 960 101
:
Other States 1/ .: 435 448 103 2,328 2,386 102 2,763 2,834 103
:
United States ...: 6,220 6,168 99 66,933 66,356 99 73,153 72,524 99
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States.
Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2021 and 2022
[Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds
: 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over
State :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 head
:
Colorado ........: 240 190 110 70 70 45 85 80
Illinois ........: 1,355 1,390 1,550 1,560 935 965 810 765
Indiana .........: 970 1,080 1,220 1,160 900 940 850 920
Iowa ............: 5,970 5,700 7,200 7,130 5,320 5,050 4,300 4,180
Kansas ..........: 450 440 470 420 330 330 525 565
Michigan ........: 330 320 290 295 220 230 255 235
Minnesota .......: 2,740 2,640 2,630 2,440 1,550 1,460 1,340 1,240
Missouri ........: 1,350 1,270 510 540 560 630 405 380
Nebraska ........: 1,060 1,050 840 840 590 690 560 550
North Carolina ..: 2,940 2,920 1,540 1,600 1,415 1,420 1,385 1,440
:
Ohio ............: 670 680 605 630 485 530 550 580
Oklahoma ........: 750 775 340 305 165 165 315 305
Pennsylvania ....: 335 330 330 375 230 285 255 230
South Dakota ....: 685 765 395 390 275 315 335 360
Texas ...........: 245 275 210 245 170 145 225 235
Utah ............: 360 350 170 175 170 175 165 180
:
Other States 1/ .: 904 908 509 546 445 452 469 480
:
United States ...: 21,354 21,083 18,919 18,721 13,830 13,827 12,829 12,725
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States.
Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2021 and 2022
[May not add due to rounding]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Breeding : Market : Total
:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : : :2022 as: : :2022 as: : :2022 as
: 2021 : 2022 :percent: 2021 : 2022 :percent: 2021 : 2022 :percent
: : :of 2021: : :of 2021: : :of 2021
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent
:
Colorado ........: 150 125 83 510 375 74 660 500 76
Illinois ........: 660 590 89 4,740 4,610 97 5,400 5,200 96
Indiana .........: 250 250 100 4,050 4,150 102 4,300 4,400 102
Iowa ............: 900 930 103 23,200 22,470 97 24,100 23,400 97
Kansas ..........: 165 160 97 1,885 1,770 94 2,050 1,930 94
Michigan ........: 115 110 96 1,115 1,090 98 1,230 1,200 98
Minnesota .......: 530 510 96 8,270 8,290 100 8,800 8,800 100
Missouri ........: 420 430 102 2,980 2,870 96 3,400 3,300 97
Nebraska ........: 460 410 89 3,190 3,090 97 3,650 3,500 96
North Carolina ..: 810 820 101 7,490 7,480 100 8,300 8,300 100
:
Ohio ............: 190 190 100 2,360 2,510 106 2,550 2,700 106
Oklahoma ........: 470 510 109 1,730 1,750 101 2,200 2,260 103
Pennsylvania ....: 145 140 97 1,205 1,210 100 1,350 1,350 100
South Dakota ....: 265 300 113 1,745 1,780 102 2,010 2,080 103
Texas ...........: 140 170 121 950 1,020 107 1,090 1,190 109
Utah ............: 85 55 65 885 765 86 970 820 85
:
Other States 1/ .: 435 452 104 2,372 2,418 102 2,807 2,870 102
:
United States ...: 6,190 6,152 99 68,677 67,648 99 74,867 73,800 99
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States.
Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2021 and 2022
[Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds
: 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over
State :-----------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 head
:
Colorado ........: 235 195 110 55 55 40 110 85
Illinois ........: 1,310 1,270 1,640 1,550 1,005 955 785 835
Indiana .........: 990 1,090 1,260 1,270 875 900 925 890
Iowa ............: 6,010 5,680 7,760 7,760 5,470 5,200 3,960 3,830
Kansas ..........: 455 445 430 440 410 340 590 545
Michigan ........: 330 325 315 295 225 235 245 235
Minnesota .......: 2,680 2,780 2,830 2,750 1,580 1,600 1,180 1,160
Missouri ........: 1,410 1,270 565 550 605 650 400 400
Nebraska ........: 1,080 1,040 890 840 650 670 570 540
North Carolina ..: 3,090 3,030 1,670 1,630 1,340 1,410 1,390 1,410
:
Ohio ............: 700 740 680 690 440 510 540 570
Oklahoma ........: 850 870 350 390 220 190 310 300
Pennsylvania ....: 325 335 380 355 275 290 225 230
South Dakota ....: 660 765 410 365 305 285 370 365
Texas ...........: 290 345 250 260 150 150 260 265
Utah ............: 345 220 180 180 180 180 180 185
:
Other States 1/ .: 930 943 491 507 461 468 489 500
:
United States ...: 21,690 21,343 20,211 19,887 14,246 14,073 12,529 12,345
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States.
Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2020 and 2021
[May not add due to rounding]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Breeding : Market : Total
:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : : :2021 as: : :2021 as: : :2021 as
: 2020 : 2021 :percent: 2020 : 2021 :percent: 2020 : 2021 :percent
: : :of 2020: : :of 2020: : :of 2020
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent
:
Colorado ........: 155 145 94 465 475 102 620 620 100
Illinois ........: 550 590 107 4,900 4,810 98 5,450 5,400 99
Indiana .........: 250 250 100 4,200 4,100 98 4,450 4,350 98
Iowa ............: 950 920 97 23,650 22,980 97 24,600 23,900 97
Kansas ..........: 170 165 97 1,890 1,825 97 2,060 1,990 97
Michigan ........: 120 110 92 1,190 1,050 88 1,310 1,160 89
Minnesota .......: 540 550 102 8,860 8,350 94 9,400 8,900 95
Missouri ........: 440 420 95 3,310 3,030 92 3,750 3,450 92
Nebraska ........: 410 430 105 3,390 3,220 95 3,800 3,650 96
North Carolina ..: 840 810 96 7,960 7,190 90 8,800 8,000 91
:
Ohio ............: 210 190 90 2,490 2,610 105 2,700 2,800 104
Oklahoma ........: 460 460 100 1,620 1,630 101 2,080 2,090 100
Pennsylvania ....: 140 145 104 1,260 1,165 92 1,400 1,310 94
South Dakota ....: 280 265 95 1,750 1,745 100 2,030 2,010 99
Texas ...........: 140 150 107 940 940 100 1,080 1,090 101
Utah ............: 90 85 94 910 855 94 1,000 940 94
:
Other States 1/ .: 431 440 102 2,351 2,346 100 2,782 2,786 100
:
United States ...: 6,176 6,125 99 71,136 68,321 96 77,312 74,446 96
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States.
Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2020 and 2021
[Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds
: 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over
State :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2020 : 2021 : 2020 : 2021 : 2020 : 2021 : 2020 : 2021
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 head
:
Colorado ........: 255 230 90 95 50 60 70 90
Illinois ........: 1,460 1,400 1,500 1,575 1,090 1,075 850 760
Indiana .........: 1,050 1,040 1,230 1,170 935 935 985 955
Iowa ............: 5,780 5,970 7,470 7,290 5,890 5,340 4,510 4,380
Kansas ..........: 445 435 465 450 370 355 610 585
Michigan ........: 380 320 320 275 245 210 245 245
Minnesota .......: 2,890 2,800 2,610 2,550 1,940 1,590 1,420 1,410
Missouri ........: 1,510 1,430 630 550 690 640 480 410
Nebraska ........: 1,200 1,080 850 880 790 695 550 565
North Carolina ..: 2,955 2,890 1,845 1,460 1,620 1,355 1,540 1,485
:
Ohio ............: 780 730 630 640 530 585 550 655
Oklahoma ........: 745 770 350 350 205 170 320 340
Pennsylvania ....: 365 320 350 360 275 250 270 235
South Dakota ....: 715 670 390 400 325 320 320 355
Texas ...........: 300 300 215 235 175 165 250 240
Utah ............: 350 340 185 170 185 170 190 175
:
Other States 1/ .: 809 869 550 555 476 459 515 463
:
United States ...: 21,989 21,594 19,680 19,005 15,791 14,374 13,675 13,348
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States.
Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2021-2023
[December preceding year. May not add due to rounding]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/
:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: : : : 2023 as : : : : : 2022 as
State : 2021 : 2022 : 2023 2/ : percent : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : percent
: : : : of 2022 : : : : : of 2021
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: --------- 1,000 head -------- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent
:
Colorado ...........: 78 66 59 89 9.90 9.90 772 653 85
Illinois ...........: 265 260 250 96 10.95 10.60 2,902 2,756 95
Indiana ............: 120 120 120 100 10.70 10.40 1,284 1,248 97
Iowa ...............: 485 475 485 102 11.30 11.30 5,481 5,368 98
Kansas .............: 84 82 77 94 10.50 10.10 882 828 94
Michigan ...........: 52 52 52 100 10.90 11.10 567 577 102
Minnesota ..........: 250 260 245 94 11.80 11.70 2,950 3,042 103
Missouri ...........: 215 220 220 100 11.00 10.70 2,365 2,354 100
Nebraska ...........: 180 190 180 95 11.85 11.70 2,133 2,223 104
North Carolina .....: 420 405 410 101 10.55 10.50 4,431 4,253 96
:
Ohio ...............: 87 95 95 100 10.40 11.50 905 1,093 121
Oklahoma ...........: 200 195 195 100 10.10 9.65 2,020 1,882 93
Pennsylvania .......: 46 51 48 94 11.10 11.40 511 581 114
South Dakota .......: 134 128 143 112 11.90 12.55 1,595 1,606 101
Texas ..............: 69 63 78 124 10.10 10.60 697 668 96
Utah ...............: 44 43 18 42 10.10 10.60 444 456 103
:
Other States 3/ ....: 200 214 227 106 10.59 11.03 2,120 2,359 111
:
United States ......: 2,929 2,919 2,902 99 10.94 10.95 32,059 31,947 100
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Number of pigs born December-February that were still on hand March 1, or had been sold.
2/ Intentions.
3/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States.
Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2021 and 2022
[May not add due to rounding]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/
:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : : : 2022 as : : : : : 2022 as
: 2021 : 2022 : percent : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : percent
: : : of 2021 : : : : : of 2021
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: --- 1,000 head -- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent
:
Colorado ...........: 73 63 86 10.40 9.80 759 617 81
Illinois ...........: 260 260 100 10.85 10.70 2,821 2,782 99
Indiana ............: 125 125 100 10.90 10.70 1,363 1,338 98
Iowa ...............: 510 505 99 11.40 11.45 5,814 5,782 99
Kansas .............: 88 85 97 10.20 10.40 898 884 98
Michigan ...........: 50 51 102 10.70 10.80 535 551 103
Minnesota ..........: 280 265 95 11.90 11.85 3,332 3,140 94
Missouri ...........: 225 225 100 10.90 10.70 2,453 2,408 98
Nebraska ...........: 190 185 97 11.60 11.60 2,204 2,146 97
North Carolina .....: 430 420 98 10.30 10.40 4,429 4,368 99
:
Ohio ...............: 91 95 104 10.40 11.30 946 1,074 114
Oklahoma ...........: 210 200 95 10.10 10.20 2,121 2,040 96
Pennsylvania .......: 47 51 109 11.40 11.50 536 587 110
South Dakota .......: 131 135 103 12.50 12.70 1,638 1,715 105
Texas ..............: 68 64 94 9.30 10.10 632 646 102
Utah ...............: 45 45 100 10.60 10.70 477 482 101
:
Other States 2/ ....: 211 214 101 10.77 10.75 2,275 2,303 101
:
United States ......: 3,034 2,988 98 10.95 11.00 33,233 32,863 99
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Number of pigs born March-May that were still on hand June 1, or had been sold.
2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States.
Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States:
June-August 2021 and 2022
[May not add due to rounding]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/
:-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: : : 2022 as : : : : : 2022 as
State : 2021 : 2022 : percent : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : percent
: : : of 2021 : : : : : of 2021
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 head percent ---- number --- -- 1,000 head -- percent
:
Colorado ........: 72 65 90 10.50 10.10 756 657 87
Illinois ........: 285 265 93 10.90 10.75 3,107 2,849 92
Indiana .........: 130 125 96 10.70 10.85 1,391 1,356 97
Iowa ............: 505 500 99 11.40 11.60 5,757 5,800 101
Kansas ..........: 88 85 97 10.80 10.90 950 927 98
Michigan ........: 53 53 100 10.80 10.90 572 578 101
Minnesota .......: 265 260 98 11.80 12.10 3,127 3,146 101
Missouri ........: 220 230 105 10.70 10.70 2,354 2,461 105
Nebraska ........: 200 185 93 11.65 11.25 2,330 2,081 89
North Carolina ..: 430 425 99 10.70 10.85 4,601 4,611 100
:
Ohio ............: 104 95 91 11.20 11.40 1,165 1,083 93
Oklahoma ........: 200 215 108 10.90 10.20 2,180 2,193 101
Pennsylvania ....: 49 48 98 11.50 11.60 564 557 99
South Dakota ....: 128 142 111 12.60 12.60 1,613 1,789 111
Texas ...........: 69 76 110 11.10 9.40 766 714 93
Utah ............: 46 32 70 10.60 13.80 488 442 91
:
Other States 2/ .: 206 217 106 10.82 10.76 2,223 2,337 105
:
United States ...: 3,050 3,018 99 11.13 11.13 33,944 33,581 99
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Number of pigs born June-August that were still on hand September 1, or had been sold.
2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States.
Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2020-2022
[May not add due to rounding]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/
:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : : : : 2022 as : : : : : 2021 as
: 2020 : 2021 : 2022 2/ : percent : 2020 : 2021 : 2020 : 2021 : percent
: : : : of 2021 : : : : : of 2020
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: --------- 1,000 head -------- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent
:
Colorado ...........: 73 70 58 83 10.00 10.50 730 735 101
Illinois ...........: 300 255 260 102 10.80 10.70 3,240 2,729 84
Indiana ............: 120 130 130 100 11.00 11.10 1,320 1,443 109
Iowa ...............: 560 525 500 95 11.30 11.45 6,328 6,011 95
Kansas .............: 85 85 82 96 10.70 10.80 910 918 101
Michigan ...........: 56 50 52 104 11.50 11.10 644 555 86
Minnesota ..........: 290 295 255 86 11.85 11.55 3,437 3,407 99
Missouri ...........: 238 225 225 100 11.10 11.20 2,642 2,520 95
Nebraska ...........: 190 195 185 95 11.70 11.70 2,223 2,282 103
North Carolina .....: 440 415 420 101 10.50 10.90 4,620 4,524 98
:
Ohio ...............: 105 106 101 95 10.60 11.50 1,113 1,219 110
Oklahoma ...........: 210 190 205 108 10.75 10.65 2,258 2,024 90
Pennsylvania .......: 53 52 48 92 11.00 11.40 583 593 102
South Dakota .......: 140 133 143 108 12.20 12.50 1,708 1,663 97
Texas ..............: 64 68 76 112 9.80 10.60 627 721 115
Utah ...............: 41 44 18 41 10.90 10.50 447 462 103
:
Other States 3/ ....: 200 211 215 102 10.79 10.98 2,157 2,317 107
:
United States ......: 3,165 3,049 2,973 98 11.05 11.19 34,987 34,123 98
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Number of pigs born September-November that were still on hand December 1, or had been sold.
2/ Intentions.
3/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States.
Statistical Methodology
Survey Procedures: A random sample of roughly 4,700 United States producers
was surveyed to provide data for these estimates. Survey procedures ensured
that all hog and pig producers, regardless of size, had a chance to be
included in the survey. Large operations were sampled more heavily than small
operations. During the first half of September 2022, data were collected from
about 3,000 operations. The data collected were received by electronic data
reporting, mail, telephone, and face-to-face personal interviews. Regardless
of when operations responded, they were asked to report inventories as of
September 1, 2022.
Estimating Procedures: Hogs and pigs estimates were prepared by the
Agricultural Statistics Board after reviewing recommendations and analysis
submitted by each regional field office. National and State survey data were
reviewed for reasonableness with each other and with estimates from past
years using a balance sheet. The balance sheet begins with the previous
inventory estimate, adds the estimates of births and imports, and subtracts
the estimates of slaughter, exports, and deaths. This indicated ending
inventory level is compared to the Agricultural Statistics Board estimate for
reasonableness.
Revision Policy: Revisions to previous estimates are made to improve quarter
to quarter relationships. Estimates for the previous four quarters are
subject to revision when current estimates are made. In December, estimates
are reviewed from all quarters of the current year, all quarters of the
previous year, and December two years prior. The reviews are primarily based
on hog check-off receipts and slaughter. Estimates will also be reviewed
after data from the Department of Agriculture five-year Census of Agriculture
are available. No revisions will be made after that date.
Reliability: Since all operations raising hogs are not included in the
sample, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results
are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplication, and
mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of
these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid
quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review
of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness.
To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the estimates in this
report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the
following table. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based
on past performance and is computed using the difference between first and
final estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for hog inventory estimates
over the past 20 quarters is 1.4 percent. This means that chances are 2 out
of 3 that the final estimate will not be above or below the current estimate
of 73.8 million head by more than 1.4 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 that
the difference will not exceed 2.4 percent.
Reliability of Quarterly Hog Estimates
[Based on data for the previous 20 quarters]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Root mean : 90 percent : Difference between first and latest estimate
: square error : confidence : : : : :
: : level :-------------------------------------------------------------
Item : : : : : : Quarters
: : : : : :-------------------------------
: : : Average :Smallest : Largest : Below latest : Above latest
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: percent percent --------- 1,000 -------- ----- number -----
:
All hogs and pigs ............: 1.4 2.4 800 0 2,500 6 13
:
Pig crop .....................: 1.8 3.1 451 14 1,502 11 9
:
Expected farrowings :
:
Second intentions ..........: 2.4 4.1 55 0 189 12 8
:
First intentions ...........: 2.5 4.3 59 0 182 9 11
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present
[This table provides data users with record high estimates of all hogs and pigs, market
hogs, pig crop, and pigs per litter since each data series began]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Item : Estimate : Record high : Series began
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1,000 head year year
:
All hogs and pigs ............:
March 1 ....................: 75,164 2020 1988
June 1 .....................: 77,664 2020 1964
September 1 ................: 78,583 2019 1988
December 1 .................: 83,741 1943 1866
:
Market .......................:
March 1 ....................: 68,739 2020 1988
June 1 .....................: 71,238 2020 1964
September 1 ................: 72,153 2019 1988
December 1 .................: 71,136 2020 1963
:
Pig crop .....................:
December-February1/ ........: 35,016 2020 1970
March-May ..................: 34,621 2020 1970
June-August ................: 36,370 2019 1970
September-November .........: 34,987 2020 1970
:
: number year year
:
Pigs per litter ..............:
December-February1/ ........: 11.00 2020 1970
March-May ..................: 11.00 2022 1970
June-August ................: 11.13 2022 1970
September-November .........: 11.19 2021 1970
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ December preceding year.
Information Contacts
Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural
Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to
nass@usda.gov.
Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch ............................................. (202) 692-0069
Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section ............................................... (202) 690-2424
Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter .......................................... (202) 690-8632
Ryan Cowen - Cattle, Cattle on Feed .............................................. (202) 720-3040
Anthony Fischer - Hogs and Pigs .................................................. (202) 720-3106
Mike Miller - Milk Production and Milk Cows ...................................... (202) 720-3278
Suzanne Richards - Dairy Products (202) 720-4448 Vacant - Sheep and Goats .. (202) 690-3236
Access to NASS Reports
For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following
ways:
All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web
site: www.nass.usda.gov.
Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e-
mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit
www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" or "State" in upper right
corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports
you would like to receive.
Cornell's Mann Library has launched a new website housing NASS's and
other agency's archived reports. The new website,
https://usda.library.cornell.edu. All email subscriptions containing
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For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural
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nass@usda.gov.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against
its customers, employees, and applicants for employment on the basis of race,
color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion,
reprisal, and where applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial
or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's
income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic
information in employment or in any program or activity conducted or funded
by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs
and/or employment activities.)
If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination,
complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form (PDF), found online
at www.ascr.usda.gov/filing-program-discrimination-complaint-usda-customer,
or at any USDA office, or call (866) 632-9992 to request the form. You may
also write a letter containing all of the information requested in the form.
Send your completed complaint form or letter to us by mail at U.S. Department
of Agriculture, Director, Office of Adjudication, 1400 Independence Avenue,
S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, by fax (202) 690-7442 or email at
program.intake@usda.gov.
